Bracell carries out regular climate zoning studies. We use historical precipitation and temperature data to calculate evapotranspiration and soil water deficit. This helps to identify areas suitable for eucalyptus cultivation. Based on this information, technical recommendations are developed for each region, including clone allocation and fertilization.

In our São Paulo pulp operations, surface freshwater withdrawals are measured directly at licensed intake points designated for forestry operations. Additionally, groundwater withdrawn from a well at the Lençóis Paulista mill is used for seedling production in the nursery. Withdrawal volumes are recorded in an internal database that is managed in accordance with applicable regulations, covering all operational fronts. Bracell holds permits for both surface water withdrawals from the Tietê River and groundwater withdrawals from licensed wells. Bracell Papéis São Paulo does not conduct direct environmental withdrawals and instead receives water from Bracell Celulose São Paulo (refer to GRI 3-3: Management of the material topic: Water and effluents for details).

In Bahia, groundwater withdrawal is measured using telemetry-enabled water meters. Surface water withdrawals are tracked through control logs, maintained in either printed or digital (survey-based) formats. In accordance with internal procedures, all surface and groundwater withdrawal data is submitted to the environmental team, which consolidates, analyzes, and reports this information to the relevant operations managers. Bracell’s Bahia operations follow Ordinance No. 25.954/2022, which authorizes groundwater use in the Recôncavo Norte Watershed, and Inema Ordinance No. 22.181/2021, which establishes a framework for monitoring and control of water resource use in the state of Bahia.

Our Bahia forestry operations maintain a robust environmental water monitoring network, including 24 stations for monitoring surface (river) water quality, 9 stations for monitoring groundwater quality (artesian wells), 13 fixed stations for analyzing water potability (fitness for human consumption), 5 mobile stations for analyzing water potability (fitness for human consumption) at operations fronts, 37 flow metering stations at permitted surface water withdrawal points along rivers, 2 stations at locations where effluents are discharged in the ground from seedling nurseries, and 1 station where effluents are discharged into the ground from a water and oil separator.

At the headquarters of three farms in Bahia, water is also withdrawn through artesian wells. In these cases, the water is used for human consumption.  In our forestry operations in Bahia the total volume from the 49 authorized withdrawal points (both surface and groundwater) is recorded in an internal database, which is managed in compliance with applicable legislation and covers all Bracell operational fronts.

In 2025, surface water withdrawal in Bahia’s forestry operations decreased by 28% compared to the previous cycle. In our São Paulo operations, forestry withdrawals increased by 29%, while mill withdrawals increased by 3.54%.

Groundwater withdrawal decreased by 19% in Bahia’s forestry operations, while São Paulo saw a 61% increase due to the inclusion of water consumption for seedling production at the Avaí (SP) nursery. Our São Paulo mill reported a 19.71% increase, with total consumption remaining below the limit established in the current water permit. In Bahia, mill withdrawals decreased by 5.3%.

In our Paper operations, water withdrawal increased by 8% in the Southeast and decreased by 17% in the Northeast.

Bracell does not withdraw water in water-stressed areas.

Surface water withdrawals (m3)

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	2,198	0	2,198	29,456	0	29,456	4,811	0	4,811	64,927	0	64,927	25,351	0	25,351	18,181	0	18,181
São Paulo Pulp	309,165	0	309,165	328,484	12,947,445	13,275,929	314,537	49,223,892	49,538,429	457,789	52,016,479	52,474,269	550,327	49,972,528	50,522,855	666,463	52,248,000	52,914,462
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1,144,604	1,144,604	0	1,231,503	1,231,503
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	0	19,445	19,445
Bracell	311,363	0	311,363	357,940	12,947,445	13,305,385	319,348	49,223,892	49,543,240	522,716	52,016,479	52,539,196	575,678	51,117,132	51,692,810	684,643	53,498,947	54,183,591

Surface water withdrawals (ML)  

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	2	0	2	29	0	29	5	0	5	65	0	65	25	0	25	18	0	18
São Paulo Pulp	309	0	309	328	12,947	13,276	315	49,224	49,538	458	52,016	52.474	550	49,973	50,523	667	52,248	52,915
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.145	1.145	N/A	1.232	1.232
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	N/A	19	19
Bracell	311	0	311	358	12,947	13,305	319	49,224	49,543	523	52,016	52,539	576	51,117	51,693	685	53,498	54,183
Note: the data presented refers to water volumes expressed in megaliters (ML), in accordance to reporting guidelines for GRI 303-3. Bracell also discloses water data in cubic meters (m3) due to the calculation for Bracell 2030 target.

Groundwater withdrawals (m3)

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	889,754	14,720,841	15,610,595	872,245	14,559,672	15,431,917	851,887	15,145,471	15,997,358	874,462	15,738,831	16,613,293	827,071	15,681,068	16,508,139	656,246.40	14,845,602	15,501,848
São Paulo Pulp	282,428	6,831,882	7,114,310	395,258	7,071,663	7,466,921	405,286	6,520,494	6,925,780	556,641	4,342,162	4,898,803	486,285	4,231,181	4,717,466	801,777	5029,262	5,831,038.94
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	0,00	0,00	0,00
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	214,184	214,184	0,00	157,886.00	157,886.00
Bracell	889,754	14,720,841	22,724,905	1,267,503	21,631,336	22,898,838	1,257,173	21,665,965	22,923,138	1,431,103	20,080,993	21,512,096	1,313,356	20,126,433	21,439,789	1,458,024	20,032,750	21,490,773

 

Groundwater withdrawals (ML)  

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	890	14,721	15,611	872	14,560	15,432	852	15,145	15,997	874	15,739	16,613	827	15,681	16,508	656	14,846	15,502
São Paulo Pulp	282	6,832	7,114	395	7,072	7,467	405	6,520	6,926	557	4,342	4,899	486	4,231	4,717	802	5,029	5,831
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	N/A	0	0
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	214,184	214,184	N/A	157,856	157,856
Bracell	1,172	21,553	22,725	1,268	21,631	22,899	1,257	21,666	22,923	1,431	20,081	21,512	1,313	20,126	21,440	1,458	20,033	21,491

Note: the data presented refers to water volumes expressed in megaliters (ML), in accordance to reporting guidelines for GRI 303-3. Bracell also discloses water data in cubic meters (m3) due to the calculation for Bracell 2030 target. 

Total water withdrawal (m3)

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	891,952	14,720,841	15,612,793	901,701	14,559,672	15,461,373	856,698	15,145,471	16,002,169	939,389	15,738,831	16,678,220	852,422	15,681,068	16,533,490	674,427	14,845.602	15,520,029
São Paulo Pulp	591,593	6,831,882	7,423,475	723,742	20,019,108	20,742,850	719,823	55,744,386	56,464,209	1,014,430	56,358,642	57,373,072	1,036,612	54,203,709	55,240,321	1,468,240.01	57,277,261	58,745,501
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1,144,604	1,144,604	0	1,231,503	1,231,503
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	214,184	214,184	0	177,331	177,331
Bracell	1,483,545	21,552,723	23,036,268	1,625,443	34,578,781	36,204,224	1,576,521	70,889,856	72,466,377	1,953,819	72,097,472	74,051,291	1,889,034	71,243,565	73,132,599	2,142,667	73,531,697	75,674,364

Note 1: Bracell Papéis was established in 2023 and is reporting its environmental performance for the first time, with data from 2024. Bracell Papéis Southeast does not operate any direct water withdrawal points (surface or groundwater); instead, it uses water sourced through the Bracell pulp mill in Lençóis Paulista (SP).
Note 2: the reported water withdrawal volume for our São Paulo pulp and Southeast paper operations includes only the pulp mill’s primary sources: six licensed groundwater wells and one surface water intake on the Tietê River.
Note 3: the water withdrawal volume for our Northeast paper operation refers to the mill in Feira de Santana (BA). At the São Gonçalo dos Campos (BA) and Pombos (PE) sites, there are no water withdrawals as these facilities use dry processing.
Note 4: the reported water withdrawal volume for forestry operations includes licensed withdrawal points in the states of Minas Gerais, Paraná, and São Paulo. All withdrawal points are monitored and managed by the Environmental Department of Bracell’s São Paulo forestry operations. Learn more about our forestry water management practices under GRI 3-3 Management of the material topic: Water and effluents.

Total water withdrawal (ML)

Operation	2020			2021			2022			2023			2024			2025
	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total	Forestry	Mill	Total
Bahia Pulp	892	14,721	15,613	902	14,560	15,461	857	15,145	16,002	939	15,739	16,678	852	15,681	16,533	674	14,846	15,520
São Paulo Pulp	592	6,832	7,423	724	20,019	20,743	720	55,744	56,464	1,014	56,359	57,373	1,037	54,204	55.240	1,468	57,277	58,746
Southeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1,145	1,145	N/A	1,232	1,232
Northeast Paper	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	214	214	N/A	177	177
Bracell	1,484	21,553	23,036	1,625	34,579	36,204	1,577	70,890	72,466	1,954	72,097	74,051	1,889	71,244	73,133	2,143	73,532	75,675

 

Water withdrawals per metric ton of pulp produced (m3/adt)

Year	m3/adt
2020	30.04
2021	26.85
2022	20.42
2023	20.69
2024	19.2
2025	19.9