GRI 305-1 Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions
In 2025, Bracell’s Scope 1 fossil emissions accounted for 52% of the total, amounting to 976,021 tCO₂e, a 33% increase compared to the previous year. This increase was mainly driven by higher consumption of fossil fuels in industrial operations and an expanded wood sourcing radius in forest logistics, consequently increasing total diesel consumption.
The Company reports biogenic CO₂ emissions separately, including those associated with biomass combustion, the use of renewable biofuels in the fleet, the occurrence of forest fires, and the dynamics of eucalyptus management. In accordance with the GHG Protocol and the IPCC, these emissions are accounted for separately from fossil emissions, as they originate from renewable biomass that removes CO₂ from the atmosphere during its growth.
The inventory is prepared in accordance with the guidelines of ABNT NBR ISO 14064-1, the GHG Protocol, and the methodologies of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), with consolidation based on operational control, using 2025 as the corporate base year and applying the operational control approach. The greenhouse gases considered in the calculation of Scope 1 emissions were CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFCs, and SF₆.
| Scope 1 category | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |||
| Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | |
| Mobile combustion | 121,700.47 | 20.40 | 214,992.18 | 29.40 | 368,614.50 | 37.8%
|
| Stationary combustion | 309,539.10 | 51.80 | 296,113.67 | 40.50 | 365,014.61 | 37.4% |
| Generated waste and effluents | 596.11 | 0.10 | 13,974.30 | 1.90 | 13,838.01 | 1.4% |
| Fugitive | 5,231.53 | 7,936.98 | 12,284.43 | 1.70 | 7,955.53 | 0.8% |
| Agricultural operations | 155,955.17 | 175,603.38 | 154,586.98 | 21.10 | 175,603.38 | 18.0% |
| Industrial Processes | – | – | – | – | 38,759.14 | 4.0% |
| Land-use change | 4,431.98 | 0.70 | 39,411.23 | 5.40 | 6,235.71 | 0.6% |
| Total | 597,454.38 | 100.00 | 731,362.80 | 100.00 | 976,020.89 | 100% |
| Emissions (tCO2e) | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| Scope 1 | 597,454.00 | 731,362.80 | 976,020.89 |
| Scope 1 – Biogenic | 10,810,512.98 | 9,156,105.51 | 18,096,569.75 |
Carbon balance
In 2025, Bracell recorded 1,888,827 tCO₂e of fossil greenhouse gas emissions across Scopes 1, 2, and 3. In the same period, planted forests and native vegetation areas under the Company’s management removed 14,748,446 tCO₂e through carbon sequestration, while 11,315,322 tCO₂e of biogenic LULUCF emissions were recorded, resulting in total removals of 3,433,124 tCO₂e. As a result, the net balance between emissions and removals totaled -1,544,310 tCO₂e, reflecting a net carbon removal.
| Emissions | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| Total (S1 + S2 + S3) | 1,701,669.00 | 1,716,315.84 | 1,888,826.66 |
| Scope 1 | 597,454.00 | 731,362.80 | 976,020.89 |
| Scope 2 | 9,611.00 | 13,213.63 | 23,917.20 |
| Scope 3 | 1,094,603.00 | 971,739.41 | 888,888.57 |
| Biogenic LULUCF emissions | 3,940,391.00 | 2,227,222.45 | 11,315,321.66 |
| Biogenic removals | -1,286,441.00 | -4,119,009.65 | 14,748,445.83 |
| Balance | 4,355,619.00 | -175,471.36 | -1,544,297.51 |
Note: The scope of the 2030 removals target (25 MtCO₂e removed from the atmosphere between 2020 and 2030) does not include emissions from Papéis Nordeste and Papéis Sudeste. Therefore, for the purpose of calculating the target, emissions from these units—totaling 103,659.33 tCO₂e—are excluded, resulting in an annual balance of -1,647,956.84 tCO₂e.
| Emissions | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| Total (S1 + S2 + S3) | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| Scope 1 | 35.11% | 42.61% | 51.67% |
| Scope 2 | 0.56% | 0.77% | 1.27% |
| Scope 3 | 64.33% | 56.62% | 47.06% |